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从相册获取照片并获取存储路径的实现指南

在开发过程中，有时候需要从设备相册中获取照片，并获取对应的存储路径或Uniform Resource Identifier (Uri)。以下是基于Android平台的实现步骤和详细说明。

一、常见的图片选取方式

图片获取通常有两种主要方式：

二、细致分为三个案例

案例1：普通的相册照片回传，无其他要求

这种情况下，我们只需要获取图片数据并显示即可。代码实现如下：

MainActivity:

package com.example.dow.cameraphoto;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.content.Intent;import android.database.Cursor;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;import android.net.Uri;import android.provider.MediaStore;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private ImageView mImg;private TextView mBtn;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);mBtn = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.btn);mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);mBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {startActivityForResult(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK).setType("image/*"), 0);}});}@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();Bitmap bitmap = null;try {bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(contentResolver.openInputStream(data.getData()));Log.i("TAG", "从相册回传bitmap：" + bitmap);mImg.setImageBitmap(bitmap);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

案例2：相册照片回传，获取对应的Uri与图片的绝对路径

这种情况下，我们需要同时获取图片的Uri路径和绝对存储路径。代码实现如下：

MainActivity:

package com.example.dow.photoup;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.content.Intent;import android.database.Cursor;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Environment;import android.provider.MediaStore;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private TextView mBtn;private TextView mPath;private TextView mUri;private ImageView mImage;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);initView();initEvent();}private void initEvent() {mBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {startActivityForResult(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK).setType("image/*"), 0);}});}private void initView() {mBtn = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.btn);mPath = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_path);mUri = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_uri);mImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_bitmap);}@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();Bitmap bitmap = null;try {if (requestCode == 0) {Uri uri = data.getData();Log.e("tag", "uri = " + uri);mUri.setText("Uri地址：" + uri);bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(contentResolver, uri);mImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};Cursor cursor = managedQuery(uri, proj, null, null, null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);String path = cursor.getString(column_index);Log.e("tag", "path = " + path);mPath.setText("Path地址：" + path);}}} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTra`e();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

案例3：通过已封装好的工具，快速实现以上操作

为了提高开发效率，可以使用自定义工具类来处理图片Uri和路径的转换。工具类实现如下：

PhotoUtil:

package com.example.dow.photoup;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.content.ContentValues;import android.content.Context;import android.database.Cursor;import android.net.Uri;import android.provider.MediaStore;public class PhotoUtil {public static String getFilePathFromContentUri(Uri selectedVideoUri, ContentResolver contentResolver) {String filePath;String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA};Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectedVideoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null);cursor.moveToFirst();int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]);filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);cursor.close();return filePath;}public static Uri getImageContentUri(Context context, java.io.File imageFile) {String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,new String[] {MediaStore.Images.Media._ID},MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",new String[] {filePath},null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID));Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);} else {if (imageFile.exists()) {ContentValues values = new ContentValues();values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);return context.getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);} else {return null;}}}}

通过以上实现，可以轻松获取图片的Uri路径和绝对存储路径，满足不同场景的需求。

三、前期了解

在满足照片回传的同时，你还可以获取Uri路径或绝对路径：

Uri路径示例：uri = content://media/external/images/media/88484

绝对路径示例：path = /storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/S70620-110151.jpg

案例Log：06-21 11:44:57.434 30071-30071/com.example.dow.photoup E/tag: uri = content://media/external/images/media/884840621 11:44:57.526 30071-30071/com.example.dow.photoup E/tag: path = /storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/S70620-110151.jpg

注意：

案例2与案例3，MainAcitivity代码有些许不同，Xml相同，案例3多了一个PhotoUtil的转换工具类。

Effect 1：图片描述：这里写图片描述

案例 - 1

MainActivity Xml:

案例 - 2

MainActivity Xml:

案例 - 3

MainActivity Xml:

最炫工具类来了，直接Copy！！！

photoUtil

package com.example.dow.photoup;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.content.ContentValues;import android.content.Context;import android.database.Cursor;import android.net.Uri;import android.provider.MediaStore;public class PhotoUtil {public static String getFilePathFromContentUri(Uri selectedVideoUri, ContentResolver contentResolver) {String filePath;String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA};Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectedVideoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null);cursor.moveToFirst();int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]);filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);cursor.close();return filePath;}public static Uri getImageContentUri(Context context, java.io.File imageFile) {String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,new String[] {MediaStore.Images.Media._ID},MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",new String[] {filePath},null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID));Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);} else {if (imageFile.exists()) {ContentValues values = new ContentValues();values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);return context.getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);} else {return null;}}}}

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